In this quickstart guide, we’ll install a LAMP stack on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.
For a more detailed version of this tutorial, with more explanations of each step, please refer to How To Install Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) Stack on Ubuntu 20.04
To follow this guide, you’ll need access to an Ubuntu 20.04 server as a sudo
user.
Update your package manager cache and then install Apache with:
- sudo apt update
- sudo apt install apache2
Once the installation is finished, you’ll need to adjust your firewall settings to allow HTTP traffic on your server. Run the following command to allow external access on port 80
(HTTP):
- sudo ufw allow in "Apache"
With the new firewall rule added, you can test if the server is up and running by accessing your server’s public IP address or domain name from your web browser. You’ll see a page like this:
We’ll now install MySQL, a popular database management system used within PHP environments.
Again, use apt
to acquire and install this software:
- sudo apt install mysql-server
When the installation is finished, it’s recommended that you run a security script that comes pre-installed with MySQL. Start the interactive script by running:
- sudo mysql_secure_installation
This will ask if you want to configure the VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN
. Answer Y
for yes, or anything else to continue without enabling. If you answer “yes”, you’ll be asked to select a level of password validation.
Your server will next ask you to select and confirm a password for the MySQL root user. Even though the default authentication method for the MySQL root user dispenses the use of a password, even when one is set, you should define a strong password here as an additional safety measure.
For the rest of the questions, press Y
and hit the ENTER
key at each prompt.
Note: At the time of this writing, the native MySQL PHP library mysqlnd
doesn’t support caching_sha2_authentication
, the default authentication method for MySQL 8. For that reason, when creating database users for PHP applications on MySQL 8, you’ll need to make sure they’re configured to use mysql_native_password
instead. Please refer to step 6 of our detailed LAMP on Ubuntu 20.04 guide to learn how to do that.
To install PHP and its dependencies, run:
- sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql
Once the installation is finished, you can run the following command to confirm your PHP version:
- php -v
OutputPHP 7.4.3 (cli) (built: Mar 26 2020 20:24:23) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.4.3, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
In this guide, we’ll set up a domain called your_domain, but you should replace this with your own domain name.
Apache on Ubuntu 20.04 has one server block enabled by default that is configured to serve documents from the /var/www/html
directory. Instead of modifying /var/www/html
, we’ll create a directory structure within /var/www
for the your_domain site, leaving /var/www/html
in place as the default directory to be served if a client request doesn’t match any other sites.
Create the directory for your_domain as follows:
- sudo mkdir /var/www/your_domain
Next, assign ownership of the directory with the $USER
environment variable, which will reference your current system user:
- sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/your_domain
Then, open a new configuration file in Apache’s sites-available
directory using your preferred command-line editor:
- sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/your_domain.conf
This will create a new blank file. Paste in the following bare-bones configuration:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName your_domain
ServerAlias www.your_domain
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/your_domain
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
Save and close the file when you’re done. If you’re using nano
, you can do that by pressing CTRL+X
, then Y
and ENTER
.
You can now use a2ensite
to enable the new virtual host:
- sudo a2ensite your_domain
To disable Apache’s default website, type:
- sudo a2dissite 000-default
To make sure your configuration file doesn’t contain syntax errors, run:
- sudo apache2ctl configtest
Finally, reload Apache so these changes take effect:
- sudo systemctl reload apache2
Your new website is now active, but the web root /var/www/your_domain
is still empty. Create an index.html
file in that location so that we can test that the virtual host works as expected:
- nano /var/www/your_domain/index.html
Include the following content in this file:
<html>
<head>
<title>your_domain website</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello World!</h1>
<p>This is the landing page of <strong>your_domain</strong>.</p>
</body>
</html>
Now go to your browser and access your server’s domain name or IP address once again:
http://server_domain_or_IP
You’ll see a page like this:
We’ll now create a PHP test script to confirm that Apache is able to handle and process requests for PHP files.
Create a new file named info.php
inside your custom web root folder:
- nano /var/www/your_domain/info.php
This will open a blank file. Add the following content inside the file:
<?php
phpinfo();
When you are finished, save and close the file.
Go to your web browser and access your server’s domain name or IP address, followed by the script name, which in this case is info.php
:
http://server_domain_or_IP/info.php
You’ll see a page similar to this:
After checking the relevant information about your PHP server through that page, it’s best to remove the file you created as it contains sensitive information about your PHP environment -and your Ubuntu server. You can use rm
to do so:
- sudo rm /var/www/your_domain/info.php
Here are links to more detailed guides related to this tutorial:
Thanks for learning with the DigitalOcean Community. Check out our offerings for compute, storage, networking, and managed databases.
This textbox defaults to using Markdown to format your answer.
You can type !ref in this text area to quickly search our full set of tutorials, documentation & marketplace offerings and insert the link!
Sign up for Infrastructure as a Newsletter.
Working on improving health and education, reducing inequality, and spurring economic growth? We'd like to help.
Get paid to write technical tutorials and select a tech-focused charity to receive a matching donation.